Computer Class At Our Lady Of Victory School - 1486 Words

Welcome to the 2016-2017 computer class at Our Lady of Victory School! Please read this entire document with your child and sign and return the last page ONLY. This shows you and your child understand the expectations and procedures for computer class. Class Description In computer class students will learn a variety of computer/technology skills and responsible technology use. In today’s world it is essential for students to be able to use many forms of technology effectively and responsibly for their learning. Students will develop understanding of digital citizenship (Internet safety, cyberbullying, ethical computer use), keyboarding, word processing, spreadsheets and data, presentation tools, coding/programming, problem solving,†¦show more content†¦Students will need to provide a folder to keep any work, as well as login information. This needs to be brought to class each week. Students will be required to have Internet access, whether that be through home use or through public wi-fi such as a library. Much of the work in the class is completed at school, however several assignments do have work at home as needed. Classroom Expectations Students will enter the classroom in a quiet and orderly fashion. 6th-8th grade students will usually start at their computer stations. Students will exit in the same fashion when leaving the lab. Each student will have an assigned computer station and headphones and treat these with care. Headphones should be bagged and placed in the bin at the end of class. Students will work on assignments independently unless otherwise specified. If students have a question, a raised hand will alert the teacher to the need. Leaving your computer station is not an appropriate way to seek help. Students are to remain on task with the materials given. Searching the Internet, going to sites not approved, checking personal email, or spending time on other work outside of computers without permission is a breach of the Acceptable Use Policy of Our Lady of Victory Handbook, and will be assessed as a disciplinary concern as well as a loss of computer time during class. Students will close all programs, save all work, and leave their computer on the home screen or desktop at the end of the class.Show MoreRelatedThe Closing Gender Gap -- Then and Now Essay2270 Words   |  10 Pagesbig part in the success of our country. They made their mark during World War Two when they took over the jobs of men and proved they are just as efficient in the workplace. There has been a dramatic change since then. Women have found their identity through these hardships; which in return, has set the pace for the years to come and narrowed the gap of the social norm of women in the work place. 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The Use of Symbolism in Robert Frosts Wind and Window...

The Use of Symbolism in Robert Frosts Wind and Window Flower I interpreted this poem as a very sad one. A love unrequited by the pursued. In the first two lines the poem tells you to forget about the love you share and hear a tale of this. Not to literally forget, but possibly put aside. The man is a winter breeze, cold and rough and sort of roams the land. The woman is a window flower, shut off from the outside. This sets up the separation. They can see each other and are kept apart by a glass wall. She has all the comforts of the outside, the warmth of the sun and even the company of a caged yellow bird (7) hanging above her. It is almost that the mention of this bird being caged above her is a symbol of this†¦show more content†¦The man notices her, he couldnt help but notice her. Who knows how many windows he has breezed by with flowers in them and kept on moving. For some reason, probably due to the beauty of this particular flower, he had to return to see her. The man knew nothing of love. He was concerned with ice and snow, dead weeds and unmated birds, and little of love could know (14-16). This gives an example of what the breeze was experienced to in his life. We then see the winds attempt to win her, But he sighed upon the sill, He gave the sash a shake (17-18). This was not a direct approach. The sash may have been the testing of the water to see where he stood by questioning her peers. This was done in full view of her though. He was not very subtle about it either. The people close to the woman knew very well what was occurring, As witness all within, Who lay that night awake (19-20). These were people in the house that were following this courting, laying awake that night was watching and listening. With the next two lines, Perchance he half prevailed, To win her for the flight (21-22), we see that he almost persuaded her. She had to choose between him and the firelit looking glass and warm stove-window light (23-24). She was comfortable with what she had. She had warmth and caring where she was and these were things she felt he was unable to offer her. In the last part of the poem we see what herShow MoreRelatedRobert Frost : A New England Poet3698 Words   |  15 PagesRobert Lee Frost Known for being a New England poet Robert Frost was born in San Francisco, California on March 26th, 1874. Born to a New England father William Prescott Frost Jr. and a Scottish mother Isabelle Moodie who moved to the west coast from Pennsylvania after marriage (Bailey). Both his parents were teachers and poets themselves, but his father later became a journalist with the San Francisco Evening Bulletin (Bailey). Frost spent 12 years of his life growing up in San Francisco, untilRead MorePoetic Devices and Poems3332 Words   |  14 Pagesfrom Anglo-Saxon (Old English) tend to be monosyllabic, simple, and familiar; words that are Latinate in origin are often polysyllabic, formal, general and abstract, and they produce a different effect. Jargon is a derogatory term for the needless use of technical terms. Example- Wherever You Are, Be Somewhere Else by Denise Riley: â€Å"In a look until dropped like an egg on the floor let slop, crashed to slide and run, yolk yellow for the live, t he dead who worked through me.† Hyperbole: a figure

Essay About Pop Music Example For Students

Essay About Pop Music As an introduction we want to mention, that music plays a certain role in a people’s life. Someone connected his or her life with this art and became a musician; someone listens to music on headphones on the way to the school or university. But it can be hardly found such a person who would be absolutely indifferent to music. After all, music helps us cope with depression, soothes our nerves, makes us live and charges with positive energy and good mood. Each person has his/her own musical taste, which is caused by the preference of a particular musical genre. So, among the modern and new incendiary hits, it is necessary to highlight the most popular music genres today. Jazz, rock, pop music, disco, authors song, rap, etc. all these are new styles of music that live and develop according to their own laws. And music, being a reflection of life, unites and transforms the most diverse musical spheres, trends, styles, genres, national traditions, and even cultures, faking them wi th the modern rhythm of life. What is the essence of pop music But today we will talk about pop music or, as it is also called, popular music is not only one of the largest and most voluminous genres of the modern music industry, but also a kind of mass culture. It combines various musical genres and styles, from rock and folk to disco, pop music, and other genres, mainly pop music making can have commercial success. Thus, pop music is the most common musical genre, absorbing all sorts of ethnic styles under the currently popular mass musical trend. Pop music, for example, is a basic component of the prevailing direction of music and has a huge impact on the global contemporary musical culture. This language has become the international language of mass types of artistic creativity (in particular, film music is based on it). Its production strategies created new aesthetic phenomena, such as a video clip. The main characteristics of pop music are the melody, simple and easily perceiving melody perception. In pop songs, the emphasis is on vocals and rhythm, much less attention is paid to the instrumental part. An important role in pop music is played by a rhythmic structure: many pop songs are written for dancing and have a clear, constant beat. The main and almost the only form of composition in pop music is a song, which is built according to the conservative scheme verse + chorus. In fact, pop music is expressed exclusively in songs, the texts of which are uncomplicated and mainly devoted to personal experience such as love, sadness, joy. The highlight form the history of pop music For the first time, a popular song was called music, which was popular in 1926. But in general, in the 20s, the pop music industry in its modern sense was born. The term â€Å"pop music† itself appeared, like so much in the UK in the mid-50s. At that time, rock-n-roll and new styles of youth music, which were truly wildly popular, were called so.   In those days, pop music was characterized by massive free concerts, popular with a wide audience. In the early 1960s, the term â€Å"pop music† was used to refer to non-traditional, non-classical music. In the sixties of Great Britain, pop music was similar in sound and ideas to beat music, and in the US it is still identical to the notion of rock and roll. But pop culture topic and rock music are usually divided. As rock musicians tend to express themselves, and pop music becomes oriented to commercial success. In this regard, pop artists have become more focused on the tastes of most people and the wishes of major labels interested in profits. There is no ambition in pop music as such, experiments are not particularly welcomed (especially if they are not approved by the majority), so it can be called conservative. .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7 , .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7 .postImageUrl , .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7 , .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7:hover , .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7:visited , .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7:active { border:0!important; } .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7:active , .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7 .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufa424e5602e72d9b444a12a091a6cfc7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Music Of The 60s Essay ExampleWe can perform such music as a separate vocalist as a group. The main themes are personal experiences and lyrics, however, sometimes there are texts with the acute social theme and even protest against the system. By the way, the popularity of this genre depends not only on the vocal characteristics of the artist but also on the attractive appearance and pronounced sexuality. Therefore, many producers use all sorts of PR moves to increase album sales. From here gossip, scandals, and intrigues are brought about, connected with modern pop performers. Among the most famous pop singers are ABBA, Boney M, The Beatles, E. Presley, Whitney Houston, A. Franklin, D. Ross, Mireille Mathieu, Johnny Holiday, Dalida, Madonna, Lady Gaga, etc. As a conclusion, every year   there is a number of music festivals and competitions in the world that reveal the best pop singers. The most authoritative competition of American pop music, in its broadest sense, is the Grammy Awards, such kind of musical Oscar. In addition to Grammy, there are many different awards, among which the most prestigious are the American Music Awards, World Music Awards, MTV Video Music Awards. Also, the Eurovision contest is very popular. And since the 1940s, pop charts have been compiled to measure popularity, the main of which is the Billboard Hot 100.

The Performing Arts and Inspiration Mixtape Essay Example For Students

The Performing Arts and Inspiration: Mixtape Essay In 1988, Bobby McFerrin wrote and performed a number one hit on the billboard top 100 chart. (Brainpicking, 2011) â€Å" Don’t Worry Be Happy† is a composition that promotes a happy mood in a person, which in turns provides a contagious attitude in others. The Lyrics are catchy and they imply that even on the worst of days things can always turn around. My personal favorite song at the moment is written and performed by Mercy Me, â€Å" I Can Only Imagine† is a tribute to God and explains what it is a person might feel could happen when their day comes. Any time I hear the song play I instantly feel a deep connection. The lyrics are straightforward and I find myself singing along to the words. I get an innate feeling to put my hand in the air and praise him while I sing. This particular musical form is one method people use for worship. We will write a custom essay on The Performing Arts and Inspiration: Mixtape specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Honestly, I have never listened to opera prior to this class. While I was listening to a few songs on YouTube in order to this assignment I found â€Å"Habanera From Carmen† by Georges Bizet. To me it was difficult to hear what exactly was said because of how high the pitch was. However, watching the performance that went along with it was entertaining, the performers are extremely talented. I would say that opera is probably my least favorite works of music. Gregorian chants were very common during the medieval times. These musical textures were considered monophonic, which means that they had a single melodic line. These chants were used in catholic churches during worship. While listening I found two chants in particular that drew my attention; â€Å"Chant Of The Templars† and â€Å"Hail Holy Queen† Both songs are by salve Regina I believe, with the language barrier and how old the songs are it was difficult to understand who performed the songs. Salve Regina was first recorded in 1959 and performed by the Benedictine Monts of the Abbey of St. Maurice and St. Maur. ( Kamien, Roger, 2014) These are regarded as holy and spiritual chants. When I first heard the songs I could not understand what they were trying to convey however, I enjoyed the melody and harmonic flow. Later I found another version of â€Å"Hail Holy Queen† that contained translation of the words. After seeing the translation it coincided with what I initially felt, a rather warm feeling and at times I felt a little chill.

It is Worth the Struggle essays

It is Worth the Struggle essays In the autobiography I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings, by Maya Angelou, a question is posed about growth and outlooks on life based upon surroundings alone. If society is formed based on its ethics, then the people in them have no choice but to be caged birds. The main character Marguerite, also known as Maya, pushes the false images of struggle and hardship out of her way, blossoming into a strong and prosperous young woman. The sounds of the new morning had been replaced with grumbles about cheating houses, weighted scales, snakes, skimpy cotton and dusty rows. In later years I was to confront the stereotyped picture of gay song-singing cotton pickers with such inordinate rage that I was told even by fellow blacks that my paranoia was embarrassing. But I had seen the fingers cut by the mean little cotton boils, and I had witnessed the backs and shoulders and arms and legs resisting any further demands. (Angelou 7) Stamps, Arkansas was Mayas cage. At a young age she truly knew nothing else but the perch of prejudice she stood on. However she knew it was wrong, and it was not the place she wanted to be. Mayas eyes are wide open to the prejudices around her, not the ones placed by white people, but from black people themselves. He must have tired of being crippled, as prisoner tire of penitentiary bars and the guilty tire of blame... and the looks he suffered of either contempt or pity had simply worn hi m out, and for one afternoon he wanted no part of it. Maya spoke of Uncle Willy. I understood and felt closer to him at that moment than ever before or since. (Angelou 11) This one image is what I believe ignites the fire within her to say I can. to anyone who stands in her way. Uncle Willy was not as prominent a male figure in Mayas life as her brother Bailey. One year her senior, Baileys strength adheres to Maya and begins forming her into an intelligent and ...

How to Make and Keep an Appointment in German

How to Make and Keep an Appointment in German No matter if you are arranging a first date or a dentist appointment, the etiquette of punctuality is famous in Germany. This article will teach you more about how to make appointments in Germany and express suitable arrangements in German. Calendar Dates and Clock Times in German Lets start with fixing a date. Dates of the month are described with a system called ordinal numbers. If you need a refresher, you can review vocabulary for months, days, and seasons. In Spoken German For numbers up to 19, add the suffix -te  to the number. After 20, the suffix is -ste. The trickiest part of getting your suffix right is to notice that it will change depending on the case and gender of your sentence. For example, look at these two sentences: Example: Ich mà ¶chte am vierten Januar in Urlaub fahren. - I would like to go on holiday on the 4th January.Der vierte Februar ist noch frei. - The fourth of February is still free. The ending changes are in line with how an adjectives endings change as its used in a sentence. In Written German Expressing ordinal numbers in written German is a lot easier since there is no need to adjust the suffix to case and gender. For dates in the calendar, simply add a dot after the number. Note that the German calendar format is dd.mm.yyyy. Treffen wir uns am 31.10.? - Are we meeting on 10/31?*Leider kann ich nicht am 31. Wie wre es mit dem 3.11.? - Unfortunately I cant make it on the 31st. How about 11/3? How to Set a Time The second part of making your appointment is setting a suitable time. If you want to leave the suggestion up to your conversation partner, you can ask: Um wieviel Uhr passt es Ihnen am Besten? - What time is best for you? For a firmer suggestion, the following phrases will be useful:   Wie sieht es um 14 Uhr aus? - How does 2 pm look?Kà ¶nnen Sie/Kannst du um 11:30? - Can you make it at 11:30?Wie wre es um 3 Uhr nachmittags? - How about 3 pm? Germans are early risers, by the way. The standard working day runs from 8 am to 4 pm, with an hour of lunch break allowed. School days also start at 8 am. In formal environments and written language, Germans will speak in terms of the 24-hour clock, but colloquially its also common to hear times of the day described in the 12-hour format. If you would like to suggest a meeting at 2 pm, 14 Uhr  or 2 Uhr nachmittags  or 2 Uhr  can all be considered appropriate. Its best to take the cue from your conversation partner. Punctuality Equals Politeness According to the stereotype, Germans are particularly offended by tardiness. The oft-quoted saying Pà ¼nktlichkeit ist die Hà ¶flichkeit der Kà ¶nige  (punctuality is the politeness of kings) sums up what your German friends or colleagues may think. So how late is too late? According to the etiquette guide, Knigge arriving just on time is what you should aim for, and zu frà ¼h is auch unpà ¼nktlich. Too early is unpunctual, too. So in other words, ensure that you calculate travel times correctly and dont be late. Of course, a one-off will be forgiven and calling ahead if it looks as though you wont manage to arrive on time is highly recommended. In fact, the matter goes even deeper than a simple time delay. In the German-speaking world, appointments are considered as firm promises. No matter if you are committing to dinner at a friends house or a business meeting, backing out at the last minute will be taken as a gesture of disrespect. In short, the best tip for making a good impression in Germany is always to turn up on time and be well prepared for any meeting. And by on time, they mean not early and not late.

Engineer Science Banding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Engineer Science Banding - Essay Example S = 453.33 V (avg) = 3.33 rev/sec Where, V is angular speed S is the number of revolutions Q. no 4 (Solution) (A) Work done = Force * height Torque = force * radius W = 357.14 * 28 250 = force * 700/1000 W = 12.755 Joule 250 = force * 0.7 250 / 0.7 = force Force = 357.14 N (B) 2as = v (final)2 - v (initial)2 As we know that in motion under gravity a is replaced by g Where,a = accelerationg = gravity now, 2gs = v (final)2 - v (initial)2 2 * 9.8 * 28 = v ( final)2 - 0 192.08 = v (final)2Taking square root on both sides V (final) = Linear velocity = 13.85 m/s (C) V (final) = v (initial) + g * t 13.85 = 0 + 9.8 * t 13.85 / 9.8 = t t = 1.41 sec Q. no 2 (solution) (a) V (final) = v (initial) + a * t Force = mass * acceleration 480 = 0 + a * 240 F = 1400 * 2 480 / 240 = a F = 2800 N a = 2 Now,Torque = Force * radius Torque = 2800 * 0.75 Torque = 2100 N-m (B) Whenever a machine carries out a sharing operation, which uses some of... (B) Whenever a machine carries out a sharing operation, which uses some of the energy of cascaded initial system, there is a definitely change in speed (rev/min) occur. Now, we can estimate this with the help of the given table.

5 Conceptual Pillars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

5 Conceptual Pillars - Essay Example Communication refers to a two way sharing of information during the course of profession. Critical thinking is the capacity for evaluating the professional issues and adhering to an objective analysis of the issues faced during one’s professional life. Holism is about considering a patient to be one integral whole, taking the varied personality aspects of a patient to be a unified entity. It is only when one exhibits allegiance to the five conceptual pillars during the nursing profession that one is deemed to possess the important competencies and skills that constitute a thorough professional. Nursing being a profession pertaining to service and care, every nurse is to bear with an immense responsibility for upholding the conceptual entities that constitute one’s professional life. The core nursing conceptual pillars tend to define the eventual driving force that constitutes and shapes the overall professional life of a nurse. When it comes to professionalism in nursing, the attitude a nurse exhibits towards one’s profession does matter a lot (Mason & Whitehead, 2003). The way a nurse perceives one’s profession and practically conveys that view towards others, including patients and colleagues does stand to be of immense importance and relevance in the professional domain (Mason & Whitehead, 2003). The relevance that the nursing profession extends to the core competencies does play a major role with regards to the safety and quality inherent in the overall professional care of any patient. Thereby it is extremely important for any nurse to acquire the relevant competencies in terms of the required skills, attitudes and knowledge, recognized by the credible bodies of opinion and the professional accreditation institutions and organizations. The competency acquisition in the line of professional skill enhancement includes the attributes like patient centered care, informatics, capacity for collaboration and teamwork, safety, evidence based

The basic process Essay Example for Free

The basic process Essay A very big part of the ICT section of the business is the website. The website is an open form of communication with internal and external factors. The performance of the business has rocketed since the introduction of the website www. boots. co. uk. It is used to communicate internally and externally. Internally staff can sign into the website and gain data that they may need from home. The external communication is a lot more effected by the website. The website communicates with customers about products, store information, special offers and online sales. The online shop that Boots operates increases the performance of the business financially as little money is needed in its upkeep compared to the amount the stores require. The website enables Boots to make more money with less input. Less staff is needed to operate the online store so money is saved there. There is no need for a physical shop it is all virtual so this saves money on rent, bills, and general upkeep. Nothing can be broken or damaged by customers like in a Boots store. The online store can be used 24 hours a day 7 days a week and while people shop they may notice new products and they will see advertising around the site that might be of interest. The advertising space is also a benefit to Boots as it is free and unlimited. All these aspects are elements that contribute to the economic and low cost high profit performance of the business. Email Email can be used to enhance the performance of the business internally and externally Internally messages can be typed and sent to many people very quickly. This saves money and time in photocopying and distribution of letters. Emails internally can be used in restricted and open format dependant on the content. They can be used to make staff aware of information about price changes and strategic alterations that may need to be put into place. The use of emails in Boots to make staff aware of extra shift work available and job opportunities that may become available add to the efficiency and economic performance of the business by reducing the time that is used up by alternative methods. Staff can get in hold of the business via email when they need as it is a quick and easy way to do so. Externally emails are used a lot in Boots for advertising. Customer databases are formed with information from the reward card scheme and the email addresses are put into a file. This is used to send customers information about special offers and general advertising. This is a lot cheaper than alternative methods such as the constructing printing and posting of leaflets and brochures. Links are used a lot to make it quick and appealing for customers to explore the online shop and be tempted to purchase goods. This increases the performance of the business by again making more money from as little input as possible. It saves Boots money, time, and manpower, which effectively frees more opportunity for the business to expand and develop. Without ICT Boots would by now have lost out to competition, wasted hundreds of thousands of pounds ineffectively and not bee the multi million pound empire they are today. Production process The production process is typically present within the operation of a manufacturing orientated business. This is the basic process of production INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT Boots is retail service not a manufacturing one. The production process is still however related around the business. Although Boots do not manufacture products the production process is vital in ensuring all elements of the business operation run smoothly. The production process as shown above consists of three sections which are the input the process and the output. Boots is in the tertiary section of the industry as it is an outlet that sells goods. This is the output and this is the main aspect that affects Boots. The inputs are the primary sector and the process is secondary. As Boots is in the tertiary sector and sells goods it must also use the secondary and primary industry also. An example of the process would be involving the secondary section of industry. This would be the purchasing of goods from suppliers to sell in the store. Boots do not directly have a contribution to this area of the production process. They do however contribute to the input section of the production process which represents the primary industry. Boots can investigate medicines and test treatments for sales in their stores. The manufacturing, mass production and distribution to stores are the process part of Boots production process representing secondary industry.

Learning Disabilities and Career Development Essay example -- Educatio

Learning Disabilities and Career Development The lifelong process of career development poses special challenges for people with learning disabilities (LD). Although the career development of individuals with disabilities is not widely discussed in the literature, key pieces of legislation enacted or reauthorized in the 1990s—Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and the Rehabilitation Act (now Title IV of the Workforce Investment Act)—have helped increase the numbers of individuals with LD in postsecondary education and the awareness of their needs in the workplace (Hitchings and Retish 2000). This Brief reviews research on the career development needs of persons with LD and describes practices to assist them with the process of gaining and maintaining employment. Employment Issues Learning disabilities are generally defined as significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities (Michaels 1997; Ohler, Levinson, and Barker 1996). There are a number of types as well as major individual differences in severity, impact, and age of onset (Cummings, Maddux, and Casey 2000; Hitchings and Retish 2000). â€Å"There is no single story to tell about outcomes of students with disabilities† (Blackorby and Wagner 1997, p. 58). Many people with LD have succeeded in the workplace, often as entrepreneurs, and recent legislation is intended to ease the process of disclosing a disability and obtaining on-the-job accommodations (Brown and Gerber 1994). Adults with LD are employed at the same rate as those without disabilities, but many are underemployed—in part-time, entry-level, minimum-wage jobs (Blackorby and Wa... ...h Disabilities." Journal for Vocational Special Needs Education 23, no. 1 (Fall 2000): 24-33. Michaels, C. A. "Preparation for Employment." In Learning Disabilities and Employment, edited by P. J. Gerber and D. S. Brown, pp. 187-212. Austin, TX: PRO-ED, Inc., 1997. Ohler, D. L.; Levinson, E. M.; and Barker, W. F. "Career Maturity in College Students with Learning Disabilities." Career Development Quarterly 44, no. 3 (March 1996): 278-288. Reiff, H. B. "Off the Beaten Path: A Model for Employment Success for Adults with Learning Disabilities." In Learning Disabilities, Literacy, and Adult Education, edited by S. A. Vogel and S. Reder, pp. 313-329. Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes, 1998. Rojewski, J. W. "Educational and Occupational Aspirations of High School Seniors with Learning Disabilities." Exceptional Children 62, no. 5 (March-April 1996): 463-476. Learning Disabilities and Career Development Essay example -- Educatio Learning Disabilities and Career Development The lifelong process of career development poses special challenges for people with learning disabilities (LD). Although the career development of individuals with disabilities is not widely discussed in the literature, key pieces of legislation enacted or reauthorized in the 1990s—Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and the Rehabilitation Act (now Title IV of the Workforce Investment Act)—have helped increase the numbers of individuals with LD in postsecondary education and the awareness of their needs in the workplace (Hitchings and Retish 2000). This Brief reviews research on the career development needs of persons with LD and describes practices to assist them with the process of gaining and maintaining employment. Employment Issues Learning disabilities are generally defined as significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities (Michaels 1997; Ohler, Levinson, and Barker 1996). There are a number of types as well as major individual differences in severity, impact, and age of onset (Cummings, Maddux, and Casey 2000; Hitchings and Retish 2000). â€Å"There is no single story to tell about outcomes of students with disabilities† (Blackorby and Wagner 1997, p. 58). Many people with LD have succeeded in the workplace, often as entrepreneurs, and recent legislation is intended to ease the process of disclosing a disability and obtaining on-the-job accommodations (Brown and Gerber 1994). Adults with LD are employed at the same rate as those without disabilities, but many are underemployed—in part-time, entry-level, minimum-wage jobs (Blackorby and Wa... ...h Disabilities." Journal for Vocational Special Needs Education 23, no. 1 (Fall 2000): 24-33. Michaels, C. A. "Preparation for Employment." In Learning Disabilities and Employment, edited by P. J. Gerber and D. S. Brown, pp. 187-212. Austin, TX: PRO-ED, Inc., 1997. Ohler, D. L.; Levinson, E. M.; and Barker, W. F. "Career Maturity in College Students with Learning Disabilities." Career Development Quarterly 44, no. 3 (March 1996): 278-288. Reiff, H. B. "Off the Beaten Path: A Model for Employment Success for Adults with Learning Disabilities." In Learning Disabilities, Literacy, and Adult Education, edited by S. A. Vogel and S. Reder, pp. 313-329. Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes, 1998. Rojewski, J. W. "Educational and Occupational Aspirations of High School Seniors with Learning Disabilities." Exceptional Children 62, no. 5 (March-April 1996): 463-476.

Theories of Early Learning

This paper consists of early theories of learning and development. It starts out with the basics of learning and development and ends with the theories of a few scientists. The first theory is ACT, introduced by John Anderson. ACT is an acronym for Adaptive Character of Thought. The second theory is The Elaboration Theory, introduced by Charles Reigeluth. Jean Piaget’s Genetic Epistemology appears in this paper, along with the Gestalt Theory, introduced by Max Wertheimer. B. F Skinner’s well known Operant Conditioning is covered. Lastly, but not least, is Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory. All of these theories are different, and shows how each individual scientist believes the children in their community learned and developed. Theories of Early Learning People may learn in many different ways. Many scientists have their own thoughts of how children learn, develop, and perceive the world around them. There are a few basic principles to learning that most people and scientists would agree on, though. The first is that a person can learn through the context of what he or she is reading or experiencing (Driscoll, 2006). When a person reads a sentence by itself, it may not make as much sense as it would if it had other sentences around it or if the person knew background information. People will try to make sense of such sentences with other experiences in their lives or understandings they have made about something else that could pertain to the sentence they just read. The conclusions they come up with could be completely different from the true meaning of the sentence. People need other information to make sense of what they are reading and learn what they should be learning. The second principle is that people learn by being active in what they are learning. If a person tells a child something, the child will most likely forget it. If a person shows a child something, the child is more likely to remember it. If a person involves a child, however, the child will understand it (Driscoll, 2006). The third principle is that people learn by working in groups. It tends to be easier for a child to work through something if that child has someone else’s perspective. Different strengths can be brought to the activity because each child has a different point of view and a different thought about what is happening with the activity. The fourth and final principle is that learning is reflective. Students do better the second time a situation is revealed to them if they get feedback from the first time they encountered the situation. If students know they spelled a word wrong on a spelling test, they most likely will not repeat the same mistake (Driscoll, 2006). Scientists have been studying the way they believe children and students learn. A scientist named John Anderson introduced ACT (Kearsley, 2011). ACT suggests that learning comes from three types of memory. The declarative memory stores information that is factual and what the child associated with that information. The procedural memory reminds children of how they behaved to the conditions or actions that they have stored in the declarative memory. The child’s mind thinks that if something happens, there is something specific to be done because of what happened. The working memory is the memory that the child uses every day. In this learning theory, children are generalized, making them use the responses in their procedural memory in other events or experiences. The responses are discriminated, to make them more specialized. The responses are later strengthened, to make it easier for the child to recall them. Research shows that facts are retrieved more easily and quickly if the responses are repeated many times (Cooper, 2009). A scientist known as Charles Reigeluth introduced The Elaboration Theory (Kearsley, 2011). The Elaboration Theory suggests that a child most easily learns a subject if the subject is broken down into smaller subjects that are less complex. This theory suggests that a person must teach a child to add before the child can be taught to multiply because the child must understand that multiplication is adding numerous times. The Elaboration Theory is a step-by-step process (University of South Alabama, 2009). Jean Piaget is a scientist who introduced Genetic Epistemology (Kearsley, 2011). Genetic Epistemology suggests that an infant has specific skills, known as schemas, which guide the child through the child’s environment. An example of a schema is that children know how to pick up their rattle and stick it to their mouth. When a child finds a parent’s watch, that child will transfer the schema to the new object. This is assimilation. When the child finds something too large to fit inside the child’s mouth it will develop a new schema. This is called accommodation. All these actions put together signify adaptation. When a child can adapt to its environment, it is easier for the child to understand it (Boeree, 2006). The next theory is the Gestalt Theory, introduced by Max Wertheimer (Kearsley, 2011). The Gestalt Theory revolves around shapes, patterns, and whole pictures. Wertheimer believed that for people to learn, they must use their brain intensely. He made pictures that were actually two pictures meshed into one. It made the brain of the person look more deeply into the picture to find each picture inside. These activities made it easier for children to problem solve in school (Atherton, 2010). B. F. Skinner introduced Operant Conditioning (Kearsley, 2011). Skinner believed that everything a person learned was from experience. Skinner thought that he could change the way a baby reacted to a rat, and it worked. He showed the baby a rat. The baby played with the rat and did not fear it. When Skinner gave the baby the rat a second time, he produced a loud noise that startled the baby. When Skinner showed the baby the rat once more, the baby was scared of it because the baby had associated the rat with the noise that startled him (Levine, 1999). Albert Bandura proposed the Social Learning Theory (Kearsley, 2011). Bandura thought children learned by observing, imitating, and modeling what other children do. He tested his theory by placing a child in a room alone, with toys and games in the room. He told the child he could play with anything that was in there. When he left the child did not move. Later he sent another child in the room. That child began to play with the toys and the games. When the second child left, the first child began to play with the toys. The first child observed the second, and then imitated his actions (Learning Theories, 2008). Many people have different ideas and perspectives about how people learn, develop, and behave. Everyone is involved with other people. Everyone spends time observing other people. People develop their own thoughts as to why the human race acts the way it does. All these theories are common because they all suggest that people’s environment, peers, and resources are the main contributions to how they learn and understand what is going on around them. References http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/piaget.html http://www.ericdigests.org/2003-3/learn.htmSocial Learning Theory (Bandura)

Friend Vs Family Member Essay

Everyone dreams to have a dear companion. Some find the companionship with the family members. Some find it with friends. There are needs and wants that only a family member or a friend could give. For example, you are in need money or other material things, your family will be the first ones to provide it for you. In addition to that , your family is in charge in the preparation of your meal,household management and the like. When you need someone to talk to and your parents are busy working and your brothers and sisters are busy with studying or doing other things, it is a friend that you should call. Friends, outside of family bonds, can be our greatest comfort and allies. When it comes to keeping a secret, it is the job of a friend. Friends accept us for who we are. They listen when we need someone to talk to. They share the same interest and they are not afraid to tell what’s on their mind. Most of the times, we cannot share the secret to the other members of the family because they might react negatively on that matter. It is best to keep it with friends. Friends help us to adjust in a different environment just like in school. According to a study done by Buote, results indicated a significant positive relation between quality of new friendships and adjustment to university; this association was stronger for students living in residence than for those commuting to university. The interview data provided insight into the processes through which the relation between quality of new friendships and adjustment occurs. Results are discussed in terms of the importance of new friendships in helping individuals to adjust to a new social environment. Friends may also help you live longer than your family. According to the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, researchers suspect that friends may influence people to engage in more healthy behavior, such as not smoking or not drinking too much; friends may also help boost people’s self-esteem. Close friends may get the â€Å"longevity nod† because they are islands of love outside of the bickering, resentments and subtle abuses that occur all too often within many families. On the other hand,there are characteristics that only a family member can do and have. A person is connected to a family member through blood and relation. Accidents may happen and a donor closest to your preferences are your family. You could also solve a family problem like being scolded by constantly communicating with your family. Through communication we can correct bad behavior and internalize rules of good behavior within the family. By the time we are born, our family is with us. Our parents and the other family members guide us through our helplessness as a baby and continuously provides things and advices so that we will be resilient when we reach adulthood. Sometimes, a person can be a family member and a friend to someone. For example,our brothers or sisters often are our most intimate friends. You grew in the same environment , share the same sentiments and interests and you rely on each other when big challenges come. Friends and family members help in the formation of the character of an individual. We are introduced and acquainted with values from our family members and we experience it, learn it and acquire it with friends. According to psychoanalysts,Miss Neumann and Dr. Myerson , in the personality development of the child, the family is perhaps the most important shaping influence. It is of course only one element of the social heritage, only one of a number of groups that influence the child; the school and the play groups are also very important. But the family is first in point of time and, during the more plastic and impressionable ears of child life, provides almost the only stimulations and patterns to which he is exposed. Understanding the importance of the strength of family, and strong relationships, can be a critical tool for youth as they emerge as a good citizen through some of the most influential years of their lives. When the children receive support and understanding from the family members, it will help a lot in his character formation. Moreover,the need for friends continued as they we grew into teenagers and began to find our own identities. Friends were a big part of forming our personalities and supporting who we had become. We cannot choose the members of the family. They are with us when we have nothing and continues to give us everything. Sometimes, we just don’t see their sacrifices for us. We can definitely choose our friends, they are our mirrors. We can determine whom is more important not on being here all the time but who is present when fate decrees your crises. Will your friends stay with you? Or your family? They are put to a test and only you can decide who wins your heart. Works Cited Buote, Vanessa et al. â€Å"The Importance of Friends: Friendship and Adjustment Among 1st- Year University Students†. Journal of Adolescent Research. 2007; 22: 665-689. Cochran, M. , ed. Personal Social Networks as a Focus of Support. In D. O. Unger and D. R. Powell, eds. , Families as Nurturing Systems: Support across a Lifespan. Binghampton, N. Y. :The Haworth Press. 1991. 45-67. Mercola, Joseph. â€Å"Friends May Help You Live Longer Than Family†. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. July 2005; 59(7):574-9. Radun, Lori. â€Å"Importance of Family Rules in Developing Child Self Esteem†. < http://ezinearticles. com/> Runner, Jessie R. The Family: Source Materials for the Study of Family and Personality. New York:McGraw-Hill,1931. 73.

Careers for a Communications Major

Careers for a Communications Major Youve probably heard that being a communications major means a lot of job opportunities will be available for you after graduation. But what exactly are those opportunities? What are some of the best communications major jobs?   In contrast to, say, having a degree in molecular bioengineering, having a degree in communications allows you to take a variety of positions in a variety of fields. Your problem as a communications major, then, is not necessarily what to do with your degree but what industry youd like to work in. Communications Degree Jobs Do public relations (PR) for a large company. Working in the PR office of a large regional, national, or even international company can be an exciting experience simply because of the size of the PR team and the messaging.Do PR for a small company. A huge  company not your thing? Focus a little closer to home and see if any local, small companies are hiring in their PR departments. Youll get more experience in more areas while helping a smaller company grow.Do PR for a nonprofit. Nonprofits focus on their missions the environment, helping kids, etc. but they also need help running the business side of things. Doing PR for a nonprofit can be an interesting job youll always feel good about at the end of the day.Do marketing for a company with interests that parallel your own. PR not quite your thing? Consider using your communications major in a marketing position at a place that has a mission and/or values you are also interested in. If you love acting, for example, consider work ing at a theater; if you love photography, consider doing marketing for a photography company. Apply for a social media position. Social media is new to lots of folks but many college students are very familiar with it. Use your age to your advantage and work as a social media expert for a company of your choosing.Write content for an online company/website. Communicating online requires a very specific skill set. If you think you have what it takes, consider applying for a writing/marketing/PR position for an online company or website.Work in the government. Uncle Sam can offer an interesting gig with reasonable pay and good benefits. See how you can put your communications major to use while helping your country.Work in fundraising. If youre good at communicating, consider going into fundraising. You can meet lots of interesting folks while doing important work in a challenging job.Work at a college or university. Colleges and universities require a lot of communication jobs: admissions materials, community relations, marketing, PR. Find a place you think youd like to work possibly even your alma mater and see where you can help out. Work at a hospital. People receiving care in a hospital are often going through a difficult time. Helping to make sure that the hospitals communication plans, materials, and strategies are as clear and effective as possible is noble and rewarding work.Try going freelance. If you have a bit of experience and a good network to rely on, try going freelance. You can do a variety of interesting projects while being your own boss.Work at a start-up. Start-ups can be a fun place to work because everything is starting from scratch. Consequently, working there will provide you with a great opportunity to learn and grow with a new company.Work as a journalist at a paper or magazine. True, a traditional print press is going through a rough period. But there can still be some interesting jobs out there where you can put your communications skills and training to use.Work on the radio. Working for a radio station either a music-based local station or something different, like National Public Rad io can be a unique job that youll end up addicted to for life. Work for a sports team. Love sports? Consider working for a local sports team or stadium. Youll get to learn the ins-and-outs of a cool organization while helping with their communications needs.Work for a crisis PR company. Nobody needs good PR help like a company (or person) in crisis. While working for this kind of company can be a bit stressful, it can also be an exciting job where you learn something new every day.

Protein and Polypeptide Structure

Protein and Polypeptide Structure There are four levels of structure found in polypeptides and proteins. The primary structure of a polypeptide protein determines its secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures. Primary Structure The primary structure of polypeptides and proteins is the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain with reference to the locations of any disulfide bonds. The primary structure may be thought of as a complete description of all of the covalent bonding in a polypeptide chain or protein. The most common way to denote a primary structure is to write the amino acid sequence using the standard three-letter abbreviations for the amino acids. For example  gly-gly-ser-ala  is the primary structure for a polypeptide composed of glycine, glycine, serine, and alanine, in that order, from the N-terminal amino acid (glycine) to the C-terminal amino acid (alanine). Secondary Structure Secondary structure is the ordered arrangement or conformation of amino acids in localized regions of a polypeptide or protein molecule. Hydrogen bonding plays an important role in stabilizing these folding patterns. The two main secondary structures are the alpha helix and the anti-parallel beta-pleated sheet. There are other periodic conformations  but the ÃŽ ±-helix and ÃŽ ²-pleated sheet are the most stable. A single polypeptide or protein may contain multiple secondary structures. An ÃŽ ±-helix is a right-handed or clockwise spiral in which each peptide bond is in the trans conformation and is planar. The amine group of each peptide bond runs generally upward and parallel to the axis of the helix; the carbonyl group points generally downward. The ÃŽ ²-pleated sheet consists of extended polypeptide chains with neighboring chains extending anti-parallel to each other. As with the ÃŽ ±-helix, each peptide bond is trans and planar. The amine and carbonyl groups of peptide bonds point toward each other and in the same plane, so hydrogen bonding can occur between adjacent polypeptide chains. The helix is stabilized by hydrogen bonding between amine and carbonyl groups of the same polypeptide chain. The pleated sheet is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the amine groups of one chain and the carbonyl groups of an adjacent chain. Tertiary Structure The tertiary structure of a polypeptide or protein is the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms within a single polypeptide chain. For a polypeptide consisting of a single conformational folding pattern (e.g., an alpha helix only), the secondary and tertiary structure may be one and the same. Also, for a protein composed of a single polypeptide molecule, tertiary structure is the highest level of structure that is attained. Tertiary structure is largely maintained by disulfide bonds. Disulfide bonds are formed between the side chains of cysteine by oxidation of two thiol groups (SH) to form a disulfide bond (S-S), also sometimes called a disulfide bridge. Quaternary Structure Quaternary structure is used to describe proteins composed of multiple subunits (multiple polypeptide molecules, each called a monomer). Most proteins with a molecular weight greater than 50,000 consists of two or more noncovalently-linked monomers. The arrangement of the monomers in the three-dimensional protein is the quaternary structure. The most common example used to illustrate quaternary structure is the hemoglobin protein. Hemoglobins quaternary structure is the package of its monomeric subunits. Hemoglobin is composed of four monomers. There are two ÃŽ ±-chains, each with 141 amino acids, and two ÃŽ ²-chains, each with 146 amino acids. Because there are two different subunits, hemoglobin exhibits heteroquaternary structure. If all of the monomers in a protein are identical, there is homoquaternary structure. Hydrophobic interaction is the main stabilizing force for subunits in quaternary structure. When a single monomer folds into a three-dimensional shape to expose its polar side chains to an aqueous environment and to shield its nonpolar side chains, there are still some hydrophobic sections on the exposed surface. Two or more monomers will assemble so that their exposed hydrophobic sections are in contact. More Information Do you want more information on amino acids and proteins? Here are some additional online resources on  amino acids  and  chirality of amino acids. In addition to general chemistry texts, information about protein structure can be found in texts for biochemistry, organic chemistry, general biology, genetics, and molecular biology. The biology texts usually include information about the processes of transcription and translation, through which the genetic code of an organism is used to produce proteins.

How Engineering improve the safety of dangerous sports Research Paper

How Engineering improve the safety of dangerous sports - Research Paper Example Sports can be thrilling and a useful way of spending your time. Even though sports are mainly meant to be harmless and a source of joy, some of them are very risky to those taking part in them. Some of the dangerous sports include bicycle motocross where the cyclist performs hazardous tricks while in the air, racing like in formula 1 in which accidents have been fatal, big wave surfing, football, volcano boarding, tennis, ice hockey, skateboarding and basketball. In my view, engineering has been very helpful in reducing the amount of injuries in sports. The number of injuries reported in recent years have been less compared to those reported when the advancement in engineering field wasn’t as much. Engineers have come up with ways that have improved our safety in many sports that are generally considered dangerous and harmful. This developments have resulted in many people getting involved in such sports and of course I have been encouraged too given am safer now when am enjoying my sport. Looking at football for example, engineers have come up with helmets that can protect the player’s skull from fracture during those strong tackles. Helmets that can prevent concussions are also being developed thus improving the safety of players. This has been a very vital research as risks of death are reduced. The players also wear mouth guards made by engineers to protect themselves from losing teeth and some protective gear on other parts of body. Comparing modern day football and that from back then, I would actually want to be a football player in this days due to safety concerns. In motor racing, those cars are a lot safer now due to efforts done by engineers do ensure safety of drivers. There have been development of safety helmets, fire extinguishers in the race cars, racing uniforms that wouldn’t catch fire easily in the case that the vehicle caught fire during the

Changes in market power Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Changes in market power - Research Paper Example Hence, despite the decreasing values of hotel prices, the market power can still be strengthened through the use of advertising strategy (Tung et al., 2010). The market power of hotel industries has gained an incremental value especially when hotel management lowered down their room rates. Celen and Thomas (2009) implicated that the changes of the market power within hotel industries are increasing towards a better profit because lowered priced rooms are mostly booked and occupied. In addition, Eden (1990) and Dana (1999) explicated that hotel industries can gain a change in market power when the distribution of room rates is equal and lowered to an affordable price. Consequently, market power is important within hotel industries in order to cope up with the increasing industrial competition (as cited in Celen & Thomas, 2009). Accordingly, the market power is determined through the market structure of the hotel industry, in which this will influence the changes of the market power held by the particular firm. Moreover, the vertical integration can benefit the market power of hotel industries and be able to manage their services despite increasing competition. Hence, the market power depends on how the hotel industries market their low priced rooms in order to sustain and regulate their market structure (Celen & Thomas, 2009; Tung et al., 2010). Tung, G.-S., Lin, C.-Y., & Wang, C.-Y. (2010). The market structure, conduct and performance paradigm re-applied to the international tourist hotel industry. African Journal of Business Management, 4 (6),

Microsoft words Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Microsoft words - Essay Example The 5 year financial projection of the company on the basis of following growth estimates are shown below: The inflation is expected to decline gradually and by the second quarter of 2017 it is expected that inflation will turn negative. This will reduce lending and borrowing rates which will enable the manufacturing companies to leverage returns by employing debt capital. The population is expected to increase in a predictable linear trend pattern which is good for manufacturing industry. This is because higher population will create higher demand for goods and services. The graph depicted above forecasts Information Technology & Communications expenditure. The graph reveals as to why European telecommunication networks and services are the backbone of Europe’s developing technology sector. Increased expenditure in this sector will encourage manufacturing industry to use modern technology in the manufacturing process. This market size is an indication of developing political, legal and economic factors of the country. Increasing Operating cost is the most critical issue in any business and in order to increase profitability, this needs to be controlled. One can consider manufacturing in domestic market of UK because of the political factors that are currently aimed at reviving lost market demand after recession. For instance, the UK government has planned to strengthen the existing supply chain network in UK which would create and preserve over 15,000 jobs in manufacturing industry. The rationale is that by boosting manufacturing sector and creating more jobs, the economy will accelerate out of recession. A joint industry and government investment in form of public-private partnership aims to strengthen advanced supply chain in UK by investing over  £200 million (Schutte, 2013). When one conducts a cost-benefit analysis for setting up a manufacturing base in UK the company has to perceive the investment decision keeping in mind the

The Visual of a Religious Environment Essay Example for Free

The Visual of a Religious Environment Essay How should a religious environment be visualized? Perhaps it will depend upon one’s concept of a religious environment and based on a particular religion like Roman Catholicism for instance, or Christianity. A religious environment may mean also one’s general view of a particular religious movement in one milieu. Or, it may mean a general view of all religious movements in one setting. A religious environment in Roman Catholicism, for instance, may be depicted as community members preparing for Sunday mass and heading off to a huge church whose columns, ceilings and walls are filled with ornate designs. The interior of the church contains paintings and statues depicting saints with eyes outrageously rolled up towards heaven, and crucifixes that depict the excruciating pain Christ had to go through to save mankind. Church-goers are all kneeling down, and either listening or singing distinctly religious music, and after that everything is solemn and quiet. In Christianity, the religious environment may be illustrated as the picture of one big happy family praying and singing praise and worship songs together. There is abounding joy in every activity done whether it is in church, the home, or the park. Children are cherished as a blessing to families, and they are taught godliness and righteousness as they grow up. There are numerous religious movements operating in the world today and all claim to be the right one – either leading to enlightenment or one that saves a person from death and destruction. We can picture all the religious groups passionately calling out to other people to come and listen to their message because their message saves lives. We may also picture them calling out to Divine Providence for remedies and cures from afflictions, poverty, marital dysfunction, security, and daily provisions. And as all these happenings persists, life on earth continues to exist as it was – a hectic place of modern life, where most people are caught up in a rat race.

Salem Witch Trials Essay -- Witchcraft Salem Witch Trials History Essa

Salem Witch Trials Throughout history millions of people have been scorned, accused, arrested, tortured, put to trial and, persecuted as witches. One would think that by the time the United States was colonized, these injustices on humanity would have come to an end, but that was not so. In 1692 a major tragedy occurred in America, the Salem witch trials. It all began when a group of girls accused others, generally older women, of consorting with the devil. The witchcraft hysteria in Salem, Massachusetts resulted from the strict Puritan code which aroused the girls interest in superstition and magic and caused strange behavior. The Salem witch trials were based on the Puritans and their God versus Satan and his followers and their strict codes. Puritans had always thought that they were the new chosen people, abandoning a land of sin and oppression to establish the Promised Land (New England). Puritans beliefs were rooted in contrasts. (1) They believed that if there was something good there was something bad to contradict it, for instance since there was a God, there must be a devil. Since there was good, there must be evil, and since there were saints chosen to do God’s work on earth, there must be witches who were instruments of the Devil. (2) So if someone did not believe in witches it was considered heresy in Salem. A witch was regarded as a person who had made an actual, deliberate, formal pact with Satan and would do all in her in power to aid him in his rebellion against God. (3) The Puritans believed that they were living in a world of chaos and crime, and directed their efforts to constantly guard against sin. (4) Life in Salem Village was not easy at the best of times. Gaiety and merrymaking were regarded as irreligious, and the people of the village were somber and severe. Their lives were spent in hard work and religious observance. Even their relaxation was associated with the meeting house. On the Sabbath there was a long service in the morning and another in the afternoon. Village residents who came from outlying farms were not able to get home before the services, and it gradually became a regular practice for the time before the services to be spent in visiting and conversation. This was the time when gossip and news were spread from one to another. (5) Children would accompany their parent... ...irley, The Witchcraft of Salem Village, Random House, New York, 1956,p.5. 8.Robinson, Enders, A. Salem Witchcraft and Hawthrone’s House, Heritage Books, Browie, MD.,1992, p13. 9.Robinson, Enders, A. Salem Witchcraft and Hawthrone’s House, Heritage Books, Browie, MD., 1992, p.12. 10.Robinson, Enders, A. Salem Witchcraft and Hawthrone’s House, Heritage Books, Browie, MD., 1992, p.86. 11.Jackson, Shirley, The Witchcraft of Salem Village, Random House, New York, 1956,p.17-18. 12.Robinson, Enders, A. Salem Witchcraft and Hawthrone’s House, Heritage Books, Browie, MD., 1992, p.86. 13.Robinson, Enders, A. Salem Witchcraft and Hawthrone’s House, Heritage Books, Browie, MD.,1992, p.81. 14.Robinson, Enders, A. Salem Witchcraft and Hawthrone’s House, Heritage Books, Browie, MD.,1992, p110. 15.Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia. â€Å"Witchcraft.† 1996 16.Robinson, Enders, A. Salem witchcraft and Hawthrone’s House, Heritage Books, Browie, MD., 1992, p.80. 17.Robinson, Enders, A. Salem Witchcraft and Hawthrone’s House, Heritage Books, Browie, MD, 1992, p.206.

Determinants of Bank Profitability in Nigeria

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1. 0BACKGROUND INFORMATION TO THE STUDY The study of profits is important not only because of the information it provides about the health of the economy in any given year, but also because profits are a key determinant of growth and employment in the medium-term. Changes in profitability are an important contributor to economic progress via the influence profits have on the investment and savings decisions of companies. This is because a rise in profits improves the cash flow position of companies and offers greater flexibility in the source of finance for corporate investment (i. . through retained earnings). Easier access to finance facilitates greater investment which boosts productivity, productive capacity, competitiveness and employment. The existence, growth and survival of a business organization mostly depend upon the profit which an organization is able to earn. It is true that when Profitability increases the value of shareholders may increase to considerable extent. The term profitability refers to the ability of the business organization to maintain its profit year after year.The profitability of the organization will definitely contribute to the economic development of the nation by way of providing additional employment and tax revenue to government exchequer. Moreover, it will contribute the income of the investors by having a higher dividend and thereby improve the standard of living of the people. In order for a business entity (whether public or privately owned) to continue to prosper, there is need for its earnings to be relatively stable for its expansion and growth over time.In addition to its level of earnings, its external environment must also be carefully understood and reliably anticipated (Burns and Mitchell, 1946). Earnings and business environments are so serious issues that a business must study and understand in order to face its opportunities and threats with vigor and determination. Where for instance, the business does not recognize the effects of changes in external environment which may necessitate changes in business earnings, it may suffer some losses consequently.This perhaps explains why there has been continuing search by modern businesses to improve their methods of production necessary to cut down costs, and to develop new attributes or products, which may have wider appeal and satisfaction to their customers. On the other hand, the environmental and cyclical conditions are usually volatile and Dynamic (Sabo, 2003). This underscores the need for business firms to be able to reliably conduct forecast not only for their future demands or sales for their goods and services but also other variables that affect them directly such as their personnel and future profits.The volatility of the changes in the variables from the external environment in specific ways to the immediate factory level and to the remote industry and task environments can sometimes be very significant. Th ese calls for managers’ ability to appreciate and apply formal forecasting techniques to assist their banks achieve this veritable task. The determinants of profitability are empirically well explored although the definition of profitability varies among studies.Disregarding the profitability measures, most of the banking studies have noticed that the capital ratio, loan-loss provisions and expense control are important drivers of high profitability. In this study, the drivers that would be considered are in two categories namely endogenous (internal) and exogenous (external) drivers or factors of Profitability. Internal drivers of bank performance or profitability can be defined as factors that are influenced by a bank’s management decisions. Such management effects will definitely affect the operating results of banks.Although a quality management leads to a good bank performance, it is difficult, if not impossible, to assess management quality directly. In fact, it is implicitly assumed that such a quality will be reflected in the operating performance. As such, it is not uncommon to examine a bank’s performance in terms of those financial variables found in financial statements, such as the balance sheet and income statement (Krakah and Ameyaw, 2010). External determinants of bank profitability are factors that are beyond the control of a bank‘s management. They represent events outside the influence of the bank.However, the management can anticipate changes in the external environment and try to position the institution to take advantage of anticipated developments. The two major components of the external determinants are macroeconomic factors and financial structure factors (Krakah and Ameyaw, 2010). In summary, it appears previous empirical research has suggested a possible connection between bank profitability and various internal and external determinants like Bank Assets, Loan-Loss Provisions, Total Deposit and Inflation, but is far from definitive as ifferent authors have made use of the inclusion and exclusion of different variables in their studies. Hence, our study will try to shed more light on this controversial issue by reviewing more empirical literatures on opposing sides of the topic and finally drawing conclusions from our findings from the mode of data analysis we intend to carry out. 1. 1STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM The Federal Government of Nigeria and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) have perennially sought permanent measures that would enhance the profitability and stability of banks operating in the Nigerian banking industry.Unfortunately, they have never completely succeeded in achieving this feat. For instance, from 1987 – 1991 financial sector reforms (intended to enhance competition in the sector, mobilize savings and lead to a more efficient allocation of resources) were implemented, encompassing elements of liberalization (such as the decontrolling of interest rate s) and measures to enhance prudential regulation and tackle bank distress (Oluranti, 1991).Also, between 1990 and 2004, bank regulators increased the minimum share capital requirement for banks operating in Nigeria five times, namely in 1991, 1997, 2000, 2001 and 2004 (Aburime and Uche, 2006). However, these measures were unsuccessful in curtailing the spate of bank distress and failures in the1990s and beyond (Oluranti, 1991; Beck et al. , 2005 and Brownbridge, 2005). Currently, a set of banking sector reforms have also been introduced to ensure inter alia a strong and reliable banking sector (Okagbue and Aliko, 2005).Unfortunately, if the historical antecedents of financial sector reforms in Nigeria are anything to go by, the current reforms may also not help to improve bank profitability and stability in Nigeria. Another major factor, which has often not been given appropriate attention, is the issue of strategic planning through forecasting and prediction of future performance i ndices of commercial banks (deposit money banks). To achieve this task, a bank must recognize and anticipate the important Variable affecting its profit determination.The works of Stevens (1999), Blyther (2000) and Naceur (2003) established the inability of the business firms to adequately anticipate and forecast several operating variables in them as a very critical factor in explaining their non-performance. They argued that it is dangerous for a firm to fail to anticipate its cash flow sales, profits and production under whatever situation it finds itself. Given the efforts stated above banks need to appreciate the role of other indicators in enhancing the profitability or performance for that matter.Indeed examining the determinants of corporate profits in the banking sector in Nigeria is crucial, if these banks are going to remain competitive, efficient, and viable taking into cognizance the challenges that befall competition in the industry. 1. 2RESEARCH QUESTIONS The motivati on behind this study stems from the fact that in the past decade or so, a lot of tremendeous changes has been witnessed in the Nigerian banking industry thereby leading to a number of reforms that has seen players in the banking industry transform from one level to another.Hence, this study will sought to answer the following research questions: 1. Is there a long run and short run relationship between bank profitability and its determinants? 2. To  what  extent  are  discrepancies  in  First Bank’s  profitability  due  to  variations in endogenous factors  Ã‚  under  Ã‚  the  Ã‚  control  Ã‚  of  Ã‚  bank  Ã‚  management as well as exogeneous factors under the control of the macroeconomy? 3. Given previous empirical studies on this topic, can it be deduced that First of Nigeria actually makes sustainable profits in the last three decades? . 3OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The sole objective of this study is to provide a framework to investigate the f actors or indicators intrinsic in the bank’s asset structure that had impacted on their profitability, and performance for that matter, and make policy recommendation that could be used by bank managers in their policy decisions in the future. Specifically the study seeks to achieve the following Objectives: 1. Examine  the  profitability  of  First  Bank Nigeria Plc during  the  last  three  decades. 2.Study  Ã‚  the  Ã‚  key  Ã‚  endogenous or company-level  value  Ã‚  drivers  Ã‚  of  Ã‚  performance  Ã‚  or profitability  Ã‚  of  Ã‚  the commercial  bank  in  Nigeria using FBN Plc 3. Study  Ã‚  the  Ã‚  key  Ã‚  exogenous  or macroeconomicvalue  Ã‚  drivers  Ã‚  of  Ã‚  performanceor profitability  Ã‚  of  Ã‚  the commercial  bank  in  Nigeria using FBN Plc 4. To find out if any long-run or short-run relationship exists between Profitability variables and its determinants using FBN Plc. 5. Make  policyà ‚  recommendations  regarding  the  key  drivers  of  profitability  at First Bank of Nigeria as well as other commercial  banks  in the country based on  the empirical  findings. 1. 4SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDYGiven the relation between the well-being of the banking sector and the growth of the economy (Rajan and Zingales, 1998; Levine, 1998), knowledge of the underlying factors that influence the financial sector's profitability is therefore essential not only for the managers of the banks, but also for numerous stakeholders such as the central banks, bankers associations, governments, and other financial authorities. Knowledge of these factors would be useful in helping the regulatory authorities and bank managers formulate future policies aimed at improving the profitability of the Nigerian banking sector.Furthermore, at the present time, the type of analysis to be employed in this study is completely missing in the literature concerning profitability in the banking sector in Nigeria. 1. 5SCOPE OF THE STUDY Even though there is an existence of numerous empirical studies on the determinants of corporate profitability in the banking sector almost none exists regarding banks case studies in Nigeria, with one exception though in a study by Krakah and Ameyaw (2010) who found a significant correlations between Bank’s Financial Statement and Macroeconomic variables with Profitability given case studies of two banks in Ghana.However, since their study relied more on a cross-sectional approaches from two different banks, this study collects a broad array of profitability determinant indicators, specifically, using data solely from First Bank of Nigeria from 1980 to 2010, we will be examining different measures and linkages of endogenous and exogenous variables like total  assets, interest  income, total  overhead expenses, money  supply, annual  inflation  rate and Return on Assets (ROA).Furthermore, since the determinants of profitability are a complex and multi-faceted concept, as such no single measure will capture all aspects of the internal and external determinants in the Financial Statements of First Bank to be used in this study. 1. 6PLAN OF THE STUDY For the purpose of simplification and clarification, this study will be drafted in the following manner: Chapter one will begin with a brief introduction on the topic of our study assessing a few opinions on what some authors have to say relating to the topic of our study.This chapter continues by analyzing some of the problems in the Nigerian economy as it relates to the banking industry as a catalyst for economic growth, then followed by the research questions. The statement of objectives to the study follows afterwards then the significance of the study comes next. An historical overview detailing various facets of developments in the Nigerian banking industry from pre-independence to date is also examined in this chapter. This chapter will be co ncluded by giving the scope of study.Chapter two of this study, which is the Literature Review and Theoretical Framework, will begin with a brief introduction of what the chapter aims to achieve and how it will be structured. This will be followed by stating various theoretical frameworks to be used in the study. Furthermore, an empirical review of related literatures on the determinants of banking industry profitability as seen by different authors who have written widely on the topic published their findings on this issue would be discussed.This chapter continues by reviewing the Nigerian banking industry performance over the year with a comparative analysis of all the major banks making up the industry. This will be achieved through the use of charts and graphs. Finally, this chapter will be rounded-off by the historical existence of First Bank of Nigeria Plc as well as the corporate profile of the bank. Chapter three, which is the research methodology chapter of this study, will also begin with a brief introduction to the chapter.This will be followed by the method of data collection section as well as method of data analysis section where we will explain the various methods of analysis like Multiple Correlation Matrix, Cointegration Regression Model as well as the Error Correction Mechanism of time series econometric analysis intended to analyze our data is explained. Also in this chapter, we shall state the various regression models to be estimated for this study as well as an explanation of the justification of the variables to be included in the model.This chapter will also explain the how the data gotten for this study will be formatted in Ratio forms to suit need of our intentions for this study. In addition, the statement of hypothesis and assumptions behind our model will be stated in this chapter and the various reasons behind the sampling procedure of arriving at FBN Plc for this study will be explained. Finally, this chapter will be concluded by explaining ‘A Priori’ Expectations of each variable within the model and the yardsticks in econometric measurement to be used in acceptance or rejection of the various hypothesis stated for this study.Chapter four, which is the data Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation chapter, will be introduced stating what should be expected as the chapter moves from section to section. Here, the data used for this study will be presented in a tabular format then followed by the analysis and estimation of the explicit model already stated in chapter three of this study. Finally, this chapter is concluded by interpreting the models estimated via different methods of econometric analysis.Chapter five is the Summary, Policy Recommendations and Conclusion chapter of this study. This chapter, like the previous ones before it also begins with an introduction of what to expect, this is followed by a summary of our study thus far. Hence, policy recommendations would be made under a dif ferent section and finally, the conclusions of our finding on the study as it relates to the analysis made in chapter four of the study would be highlighted in this study.

History of Badminton Essay

Badminton is one of the most enjoyable racket games that can be played by males and females or any age or skill level. The games can be played by single or doubles. Badminton is played over the net using a shuttlecock and a racket. The shuttlecock is being struck before it lands on your court, back to the opponent’s court. You need quick reflex and a physically fit body in order to cope with the game. HISTORY OF BADMINTON Badminton first originated in India centuries ago where it was known as Poona. The British army officers were very much fascinated by the game, and so they introduced in England sometime between 1870 and 1880. Badminton was invented in the 1860s by the daughters of the Duke of Beaufort, who entertained themselves with a version of the children’s game known as battledore and shuttlecock. The game they derived for themselves soon became for the house in the which they played it, the duke’s Badminton House in Gloustershire, England. Before long, badminton societies and clubs were sprouting throughout England. In 1893, the first Badminton Association was formed. Six years later, the All-England Badminton Championship was played. Eventually, the sport igrated to continental Europe. From there it reached India via British military officers and Indonesia by way of Dutch colonists. The far-flung expansion necessitated the formation of the International Badminton Federation (IBF) in 1934. The International Badminton Federation (IBF) is the governing body for international events. In the Philippines, the Badminton Association of the Philippines (BAP) governs the game. It is responsible for the promotion and he development of the game in the country. The BAP is also te body that provides Filipino players competing in international competitions representing the country. The Association is also conducting or sponsoring seminars and clinic to those who are aspiring to become players, coaches, referees and umpires. In playing badminton, it is very necessary to learn the different terms used in order to understand the game. DEFINITION OF TERMS: Player- any person playing badminton Match- the game proper between two opposing sides on a 2 out of 3 games or 3 out of 5 games. Singles- a match where there is only one player on each of the opposing sides. Doubles- a match where there is only one player on each of the opposing sides. Serving side- the side having the right to serve Receiving side- the side opposite the serving side Rally- a sequence of one or more strokes starting with the service, until the shuttle ceases to be in play.